01. When Medicare does pay
Medicare Part B covers ambulance transport when traveling any other way could endanger
your health. That covers emergencies, and it can also cover a planned, non-emergency
ambulance trip, but only with a written order from your doctor saying it is medically
necessary.
You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after you have met your Part B deductible.
What this does not include: a ride to a routine check-up, a lab
draw, or a specialist visit, when you could reasonably travel by car. That is the gap the
rest of this page is about.
Source: Medicare.gov, ambulance services.
02. If you have Medicare Advantage
Medicare Advantage plans are allowed to offer benefits Original Medicare does not, and
transportation to medical appointments is one of the more common ones. Plans differ widely:
some give a set number of one-way trips each year, some limit how far you can travel, and
some cover rides only to plan-approved locations.
This is worth checking even if you assume you do not have it, because it is a benefit
people routinely do not know they are entitled to.
How to check in one call. Find the member services number on the
back of your insurance card and ask: Does my plan include transportation to medical
appointments? How many trips? How do I book one, and how far ahead?
03. If you have Medicaid as well as Medicare
Roughly one in six people with Medicare also has Medicaid. If you are one of them, start
here, because federal rules require every state Medicaid program to make sure enrolled
people can actually get to their appointments.
Medicaid covers emergency medical transportation, and that needs no pre-approval.
Separately it covers rides to and from a doctor's office, a hospital or another medical
office for Medicaid-approved care. That second kind is the one called non-emergency
medical transportation.
You may qualify for a ride if you do not have a car that works, do not have a driver's
license, have a physical or mental disability, or cannot travel or wait for a ride on your
own. Your state sets the specifics and may require its own approval first, so ask rather
than assume.
The ride itself might be a taxi, a car, a van, a public bus or a subway, and you may
share it with other people. You have to book ahead, and you should call to cancel if your
plans change.
Who to call: if you are in a Medicaid managed care plan, member
services can explain your ride benefit. Otherwise call your state Medicaid agency, which
will either arrange the ride or tell you which service to call.
One rule worth knowing. The driver can take you to the medical
office and back home, and nowhere else. A detour somewhere else can be treated as Medicaid
fraud, for you as well as for the driver.
Sources: 42 CFR 431.53,
assurance of transportation; CMS, Let Medicaid Give You a Ride;
and CMS Medicare and Medicaid enrollment data.
04. Local rides for older adults
Almost every county has something: a senior transport van, a volunteer driver program,
a dial-a-ride service, or a paratransit service for people who cannot use regular buses.
These are rarely advertised well and are usually free or a few dollars a trip.
The fastest way to find what exists near you is to call one number and ask.
1-800-677-1116
The Eldercare Locator, a public
service of the federal Administration for Community Living. Trained staff connect you to
services for older adults in your area, and you can reach them by phone, text, online chat
or email. Ask specifically for transportation help and for your Area Agency on Aging.
Source: eldercare.acl.gov.
05. PACE, if you qualify
PACE, the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly, is a Medicare and Medicaid
program for people who need nursing-home level care but want to keep living at home.
Transport to the PACE center and to medical appointments is part of what it covers.
You qualify if you are 55 or older, live in a PACE organization's service area, are
certified by your state as needing nursing-home level care, and can live safely in the
community with PACE support.
- If you have Medicaid, there is no monthly premium.
- With Medicare only, you pay a monthly premium plus Part D drug coverage.
- Either way there are no deductibles, copayments or coinsurance for approved services.
Source: Medicare.gov, PACE.
06. What to ask, and in what order
If you only have time for one phone call, start at the top of this list and stop when
someone says yes.
- Your Medicare Advantage plan, if you have one. Member services, number
on your card. Ask about transportation benefits and how to book.
- Your state Medicaid program, if you have Medicaid as well as
Medicare. Ask how rides to appointments are arranged in your state.
- The Eldercare Locator, 1-800-677-1116. Ask for transportation
programs and for your Area Agency on Aging.
- The clinic you are going to. Dialysis centers, cancer centers and
large practices often know exactly which local service their other patients use, and
sometimes arrange it themselves.
Before you hang up, ask how far ahead you need to book, whether
someone can ride with you, and what happens if your appointment runs late. Those three
answers are what usually decide whether the ride actually works.
Write down the number you booked through. If the
ride does not arrive, that is the number to call first, and then the clinic, to tell them
you are running late.